When Did Animal Testing Start When Did Animal Testing Start

A Century of Suffering: ten Gruesome Experiments on Animals From the Final 100 Years

Mice, rats, dogs, monkeys, rabbits, and other animals have been suffering in experiments for more than a century. During the last 100 years, sensitive animals trapped in laboratories have been burned, shocked, poisoned, forcibly impregnated, decapitated, locked away in isolation from other members of their species, and made to endure countless other atrocities. Below, you can learn more about the sordid history of animal testing — including the landmark investigation that launched PETA more than 40 years ago.

The History of Animal Testing — 10 Shocking Experiments on Animals From the Final Century

one. Maryland Psychologist Severed Spinal Cords, Repeatedly Shocked Monkeys (1958–1981)

At the Institute for Behavioral Enquiry in Silver Leap, Maryland, psychologist and creature experimenter Edward Taub—a man with no medical or veterinary training—kept 17 monkeys in cramped wire cages that were caked with feces. The animals were subjected to debilitating surgeries in which their spinal nerves were severed, rendering one or more of their limbs useless. They were so forced to try to regain function in their impaired limbs through cruel methods such as electric shocks and pinches with pliers.

PETA's groundbreaking investigation into this hellhole led to the nation'south first arrest and criminal conviction of an animal experimenter for cruelty to animals, the first confiscation of driveling animals from a laboratory, and the first U.South. Supreme Courtroom victory for animals used in experiments.

ii. Pfizer Injects Horses With Ophidian Venom (1961–Present)

In Pfizer laboratories, snake venom has been repeatedly injected into 111 horses and big quantities of their blood have been drawn. These painful procedures tin can cause horses to autumn ill, lose weight, and become anemic, and no pain relief is provided.

3. Government Experimenter Inflicts Permanent Encephalon Impairment on Monkeys (1983–Present)

The National Institutes of Health'southward Elisabeth Murray carves out a department of monkeys' skulls and so injects toxins into the brain or suctions out portions of it, causing permanent and traumatic damage. The monkeys are then held lonely in a small metal cage. A guillotine-similar door at the front of the cage is all of a sudden raised, revealing realistic-looking imitation spiders or snakes, which are inherently frightening to monkeys. The animals endure this same torture repeatedly. When Murray has finished with them, they may be killed or recycled into other experiments to be farther tormented.

4. Dogs Bred to Develop Canine Muscular Dystrophy Subjected to Experiments (1988–Present)

At Texas A&M University and other schools, experimenters bred golden retrievers to develop canine muscular dystrophy. This disease ravages their bodies, causing progressive muscle wasting and weakness. Footage shows that the dogs struggled to swallow thin gruel—the but food that they could manage to eat. Long ropes of saliva hung from the mouths of those whose jaw muscles had weakened. More than 40 years of these twisted studies haven't led to a cure or fifty-fifty a treatment to reverse illness symptoms in humans.

5. Oregon Experimenter Killed and Cut Open up Pregnant Monkeys (1997–2017)

Kevin Grove at the Oregon National Primate Research Center confined female person monkeys to cramped cages and fed them unhealthy, high-fat diets until they became obese. He then artificially inseminated them. Some of these pregnant monkeys were killed and cut open, and their brains and fetuses were removed and examined. Those who weren't killed gave birth, and their newborns were taken away from them almost immediately, traumatizing both mother and baby.

6. Columbia Experimenters Cut Baboons' Eyes Out, Induced Strokes (2001–2011)

In experiments conducted at Columbia University, baboons' optics were cut out, sometimes while they were witting, and the arteries to their brains were clamped in a crude process intended to induce strokes.

7. Animals Beheaded With Kitchen Scissors in UNC Experiments (2001–2003)

At the University of North Carolina, animals were used in booze, dopamine, and nicotine experiments. Mice and rats who had been inadequately gassed or undergone improper cervical dislocation (neck-breaking) were still alive in a cooler used to store dead animals. An experimenter admitted that he was not numbing young rats with ice before cutting their heads off with scissors and removing their brains.

viii. Johns Hopkins Experimenter Cuts Into Owls' Skulls, Implants Electrodes in Brains (2005–Nowadays)

Shreesh Mysore, an experimenter at Johns Hopkins University, cuts into owls' skulls to betrayal their brains and and then screws and glues metallic devices to their heads. These birds—nocturnal hunters who would fly peachy distances in their natural habitat—are forced into plastic tubes so small-scale that they tin't even move their wings. And then, Mysore bombards them with lights and sounds. He pokes electrodes around in their brains while they're conscious, mutilating the tissue and so severely that they become "unusable" to him—at which signal he kills them.

9. University Experimenter Traps Birds, Wounds Them Without Painkillers (2008–Present)

At Tufts and Yale universities, experimenter Christine Lattin injected sparrows and other birds with chemicals to destroy their adrenal glands, used a biopsy punch to inflict painful wounds on birds' legs, and fed sparrows food that was laced with crude oil.

Now at Louisiana State University (LSU), she'due south begun a new round of pointless experiments on birds. Firm sparrows convenance in nest boxes at the LSU College of Agriculture will be captured, banded, and fitted with digital ID transmitters. At the stop of the breeding season, Lattin will recapture so kill all the birds—and their chicks—earlier removing their brains for analysis.

10. Liberty Inquiry Workers Drilled Holes Into Young Beagles' Skulls (2016–2017)

A 2017 PETA eyewitness investigation showed that workers at Liberty Research, Inc.—a laboratory in New York—drilled holes into the skulls of young beagles and so that distemper virus could be injected directly into their brains. Some dogs blinked and fifty-fifty whimpered during the painful procedure—indicating that they were not adequately anesthetized—and woke up moaning. Likely in severe pain, some banged their heads on cage walls, causing blood to spurt from their wounds. Some foamed at the mouth, and others had seizures. They were left to suffer without whatsoever credible handling and were killed at the end of the study.

At Liberty Research, Inc., beagles spent 24-hour interval after day inside cramped, arid cells. They were never allowed to experience the warmth of the sunshine on their backs or soft grass beneath their paws.

Want to Learn More Virtually the History of Animal Testing?

Be sure to check out PETA's interactive online timeline, "Without Consent." It explores the troubled history of brute testing and challenges what nosotros've been told for decades is normal.

It's speciesist to believe that animals in laboratories don't feel emotions or experience hurting. Animals used in experiments are no different from the cats and dogs with whom many people lovingly share their homes, yet they are afforded few—if any—of the aforementioned protections or considerations. As a event, more than 100 million animals suffer and dice in the U.S. every year in roughshod chemic, drug, nutrient, and cosmetics tests equally well as in medical preparation exercises and curiosity-driven medical experiments at universities.

What Y'all Can Do for These Animals

At present that you've learned more about the history of creature testing, observe what yous can exercise for animals in the present day. PETA makes it easy to take action for animals suffering in cruel and useless experiments like the ones described above. It simply takes a minute using your phone or computer, so what are you waiting for?

Source: https://www.peta.org/features/history-of-animal-testing-10-shocking-experiments-last-100-years/

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